THE MT VOID
Mt. Holz Science Fiction Society
07/18/08 -- Vol. 27, No. 3, Whole Number 1502
El Honcho Grande: Mark Leeper, mleeper@optonline.net
La Honcha Bonita: Evelyn Leeper, eleeper@optonline.net
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Topics:
Autos (comments by Mark R. Leeper)
Is There a Value of a Single Human Life (in Dollars and
Cents)? (comments by Mark R. Leeper)
Decisions (comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
Libraries (comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
HELLBOY II: THE GOLDEN ARMY (film review by Mark R. Leeper)
JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH (2008) (film review
by Mark R. Leeper)
THE YIDDISH POLICEMEN'S UNION by Michael Chabon
(book review by Joe Karpierz)
Western Films (letter of comment by Dan Kimmel)
This Week's Reading (MURDER IS EASY and SIMPLEXITY)
(book comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
===================================================================
TOPIC: Autos (comments by Mark R. Leeper)
"At GM and Ford, the pain came quickly. Ford was first, announcing
on May 22 that it would dramatically cut truck and SUV production
and slash its salaried work force. Factory closures are possible
when the company announces specifics next month. A week later,
Ford announced accelerated plans for a super-compact car to be
built in Mexico and sold in the U.S."
http://tinyurl.com/62cp7u
I had no idea about this problem. Apparently the auto companies
have been forced to close down the SUV plants and open sub-compact
plants in Mexico. This huge demand for fuel-efficient cars is
inevitably going to hurt the American auto worker a lot. The
problem is apparently with the American worker and not their
management. You put an American auto worker on an assembly line
and he/she will build an SUV. Force of habit, I guess. It
doesn't matter that the plans call for him to make something more
fuel-efficient. The poor executives I am sure plead with them to
build compacts and sub-compacts, the cars that are selling, but
those American workers refuse to build anything but gas-guzzling
behemoths. Small cars can be built only by those clever Mexican
workers apparently. American workers are, it seems, just not
flexible enough to learn how to make them. The American auto
worker just may not survive this sudden huge demand for cars. But
they probably could keep their jobs if they were willing to
commute to Mexico and work for Mexican salaries. After all,
experience is a valuable commodity. [-mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: Is There a Value of a Single Human Life (in Dollars and
Cents)? (comments by Mark R. Leeper)
I am taking a course on QUESTIONS OF VALUE (and ethics) from The
Teaching Company. And I thought I had a fairly good grip on the
subject matter and was just seeing other people's ways of looking
at important questions of value. Instead I had the rug pulled
out from under me and I realized I did not have any simple
answers for some ethical questions. Putting it simply I LOVE
THAT.
What was being discussed was what will seem like a very callous
and unpleasant question. Is there a monetary value that we can
put on a human life? I think most people would answer that all
life is sacred. No amount of money is enough to equal the value
of a single human life. A single human life is de facto of
infinite monetary value. I think that is the conclusion that
most people would come to and at the same time they would shy
away from the question. Sadly in the real world you cannot shy
away from this question for long. The course teacher (Patrick
Grim from Stony Brook) uses the example of the Ford Pinto, a car
that was made less safe than it could have been in order to save
money. That made Ford seem heartless and they have taken enough
licks in public for that decision. But did they have a choice?
Or let us look at a more compassionate example and one that I use
occasionally in my writing. An HMO has a choice of two medical
tests for a condition that is fatal if undetected. One costs $50
and is 90% accurate. Another test costs $50,000 and is 95%
accurate. If the company goes for the less expensive test in
general, some number of people will die. If it goes for the more
expensive test, there will be not enough money in the system and
they will have to raise rates or cut someplace else. One of the
reasons that HMOs are unpopular is that they have been delegated
the task of making similar life versus money decisions where
either decision seems ethically wrong. How does one measure the
value of a human life?
The first temptation is to say that no amount of money is worth
as much as a human life. If the HMO makes this decision it is
out of business. And secondly this decision is not one that is
on firm grounds to start with. Let us assume that the value of a
single human life really is an infinite amount of money. What
then is the value of two lives? It is an infinite amount of
money. What about eight lives? How about a hundred lives? What
is the value of a million lives? All of these are sacred. In
each case the answer is "an infinite amount of money." Now comes
the kicker. So is the value of a million lives worth no more
than the value of a single life? Well that seems like a rather
callous point of view. We are essentially saying that one gets
no more value saving a million lives than saving one life. That
may be taking too far the Talmudic statement "whoever saves a
single human life is as if he saved a world." Saving one life is
not enough if one can save a million lives instead. It seems to
me that we want to put a much higher value on a million lives
than we do on just one. This forces us to put a finite value on
a life.
So what can we say then? We are really looking for a
mathematical structure for our intuitive ethical system. That
may seem unfeeling to people who struggled with Algebra I, but in
fact we are doing it so that we can make ethical decisions rather
than selfish ones. What if we say that the value of a human life
is i--that is the square root of -1? Then a hundred dollars is a
hundred dollars and five lives is valued at 5i and we are not
putting a monetary value on life. That satisfies our feeling
that a human life does not have a certain monetary value, but it
still preserves our impression that ten human lives is in some
way worth more than just one. But do we want to put just one i
as the value for each human life? Is the value of an old man
currently dying of cancer the same as that of a pretty
five-year-old blond girl who has been kidnapped. The first we
tend to ignore the former and the latter frequently makes
national news. For better or for worse we tend to assume that
some lives are worth more to the world than other lives. Also,
saying the worth of a life is not commensurable with a dollar
amount leaves some of the major questions of evaluating the value
of human life in dollars and cents. Opening the structure of
ethics to the complex plane does not help the HMO or Ford make
decisions. It really is more like evading the question. Even
perfectly compassionate people sooner or later have to come up
with trade-offs between money and human lives. And the problem
goes a lot further. We frequently see firefighters risking their
lives to save trees. How many trees are worth a human life? How
many goldfish are worth a human life? If nothing is
commensurable in terms of anything else, is our universe of value
an infinite dimensional space in which we cannot figure out the
value of any trade-off?
At some point you need a unit of ethical value to compare the
value of a life of a goldfish with the value of a life of a
human. At some point you need a unit of ethical value to compare
the value of a life of a human with the value of a life of
another human. And what is our unit going to be? Is it the
value of a human life, which we may jump all over the place? Are
we going to say that one human life is worth exactly the same as
another human life? Can we make decisions like "this forest is
worth 1.7 standard human lives?" Human lives do not break nicely
into units. Nor does the value of a tree. But do you know what
does break nicely into standard units? Money does. It may be
difficult to tell on a given day what a dollar is worth, but I
think we can say pretty much unassailably that one US dollar is
really worth the same as another US dollar is worth. There may
be another measure that is as practical as money, but it is hard
to imagines something that surpasses money as a practical measure
of value, even if we are talking about the value of a human life.
As callous and unfeeling as it at first seems to put a dollars
and cents value on a human life, there are perfectly
compassionate reasons why we would want to do that. Ford and the
HMO were not being unfeeling when they did that.
But if we accept that it is a valid thing to do to put a dollars
and cents value on a human life, what is a human life worth?
Well, luckily I am not called on to make such a decision. Other
people are. It may well be that when they make these decisions
they make them in an unethical manner, undervaluing (or
overvaluing) a human life for selfish reasons. And their motives
can and inevitably will always be questioned for setting any
specific figure as the value of a specific human life. Any value
one would choose will be hated for one reason or another. But
probably it is a necessity. In some situations we have to choose
a value and get on with the task of increasing the value of
life. [-mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: Decisions (comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
Decisions, decisions. Consider eating lunch at the local
fishery:
- Should I drive to a favorite restaurant or walk to a closer one
I don't like as much?
- Does the restaurant employ illegal workers?
- Are they using recyclable materials? (And are they recycling
them?)
- Is the water safe to drink?
- Is the lemon slice in the water contaminated?
- Will a soda be bad for me sugar-wise? What about the
high-fructose corn syrup in it?
- If I choose a diet soda instead, is the artificial sweetener in
the soda poisonous?
- Is the fish I want to order one of the ones fished/farmed in a
sustainable, environmentally friendly fashion?
- Is the fish fresh?
- Is there mercury or other pollution in the fish?
- Are there trans fats in the oil they use for frying?
- Which are healthier, French fries, rice, or sweet potato?
- Are there dangerous additives in the food?
- Are the foods served genetically modified?
- Are the vegetables bought locally?
- Is there too much sodium in all this?
- Is the coffee fair-traded?
- Can I afford all this in today's economy?
And as Mark commented, "If all this gives you a headache, make
sure that the headache remedy bottle came sealed." [-ecl]
[We toured a WWII battleship now open to the public. In the
galley they showed what a typical meal was. It was surprisingly
large considering that they were at sea. But if you somehow could
remove all the cholesterol there would not be very much left.
Today a diet like that would be considered almost as dangerous as
the enemy bullets. -mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: Libraries (comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
In the past I have complained about the problems in finding books
in my public library--in specific, that some books may be
catalogued in about eight different ways, and so everything has
to be looked up.
But I went to a nearby town's library last weekend, and I have
returned with a new appreciation for my library. Of the thirteen
books I had hoped to look at there, I found five. Four more were
checked out, and four were supposedly on the shelves, but they
were not, or at least were not on the shelves anywhere near their
correct location. (And I did look them all up, because this is a
library that files Mark Twain's books under Clemens!) Even
worse, though, they were having a teen event in the main meeting
hall. And not just any event, but a Teen Battle of the Bands.
What the flip kind of event is that to have in a *library"?!
(Admittedly, our library occasionally has music events, but not
this loud or percussive.) [-ecl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: HELLBOY II: THE GOLDEN ARMY (film review by Mark R. Leeper)
CAPSULE: Guillermo del Toro makes great horror films like CRONOS
and PAN'S LABYRINTH. His graphic novel films are just not his
best work. HELLBOY II's visual images are spectacular and the
film is full of fights and action, but there is only a bit of
plot and that involves an epic fantasy premise that would have
taken multiple films to do well. The characters are flat and the
film has no center. This is a film to watch, but there is not
much to think about. The conclusion holds no surprises. Rating:
+1 (-4 to +4) or 6/10
HELLBOY II: THE GOLDEN ARMY has my vote for this year's "WHAT
DREAMS MAY COME" Award for the most spectacular visuals in
service to the least worthy story. The two films are somewhat
different in that WHAT DREAMS MAY COME was saccharine while
HELLBOY II has a graphic novel hero involved in a half-hearted
attempt at Tolkein-like fantasy. And it pains me to say this,
because HELLBOY II is written and directed by Guillermo del Toro
whom I consider the best living horror film director. He makes
horror films and films based on graphic novels. To my taste he
is much better at the former than at the latter. Every film he
makes is visually exquisite, but the graphic novel films just do
not have the same quality of storytelling that he gets when he
creates his own characters. He has a better touch telling
stories about vulnerable characters than with invincible ones.
Del Toro is probably missing the boat on the character of Hellboy
also. The part-human and part-demon Hellboy should be torn
between human and demonic urges. That would be a fairly dramatic
premise. Instead he comes off as the brawny, master sergeant
type, not very complex or very interesting. He is more earthy
than most superheroes, but his character could be more engaging
than it is.
Hellboy (played by Ron Perlman) is involved here in a
Tolkein-like high fantasy. The film suggests there is a war
between humans and the mythical creatures like fairies and elves.
The adventure is a quest for the pieces of an ancient crown which
gives the bearer the power to command a clockwork "golden" army.
For most of the film it does not matter what they are looking
for, the point is that Hellboy gets into fights to find the
thing. The crown is actually the key to the war between humans
and the creatures of myth. This is a big concept and one film
devoted to the subject might not give del Toro sufficient time to
develop the myth of the great crown or the mighty army. But it
is not much of even this film. Most of the screen time is spent
with Hellboy trying to clobber some great monster or with him
sitting around drinking beer after beer and while bonding with
his effete fish-man sidekick Abe Sapien. Sapien looks like a
fugitive from Rene Laloux's FANTASTIC PLANET. The beer sessions
give plenty of opportunity for a product placement of a
particular Mexican beer. Hellboy's chief enemy is Prince Nuada
(Luke Goss), an evil sorcerer who is tied by an invisible bond to
his non-evil sister Princess Nuala (Anna Walton). Any injury to
one will afflict both. So nobody wants to hurt Nuada for fear of
hurting Nuala. The look for Nuada seems borrowed from Michael
Moorcock's Elric.
Part of the pleasure of a del Toro film is in looking for
allusions and personal touches. Del Toro seems to have two
trademarks that hail back to his first feature film CRONOS. He
seems to always have visual imagery of clockwork and some of
insects. In this film he goes overboard on the clockwork. There
is clockwork under the opening titles. The final fight is on a
giant clockwork set. There are no insects but there are small
crawly things called "tooth fairies" that stand in for the
insects. There is a doff of the hat to Stanley Kubrick and John
Landis with an allusion to the mythical and non-existent film SEE
YOU NEXT WEDNESDAY.
More touches, good and bad: One might expect that after STAR TREK
V a director would think twice about having drunken men bond by
singing together, but del Toro tries it here and it still does
not add much charm. There are also several shots on TV monitors
of the Universal horror films that del Toro likes. There are
supposedly scenes set at the famous Giant's Causeway. If so the
"causeway" remains off-screen. The film does have a giant, but
we are not told if it is supposed to be the legendary Fionn mac
Cumhaill (a.k.a. Finn McCool) who supposedly built the causeway.
The credit sequence at the end seems to have subliminal messages
different from the credits. Perhaps people will want to rent the
film to see the credits run by a little more slowly.
The visuals of HELLBOY II: THE GOLDEN ARMY are a triumph of
imagination, but the story is more of a failure. I would rate it
a +1 on the -4 to +4 scale or 6/10.
Film Credits: http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0411477/
[-mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH (2008) (film review by
Mark R. Leeper)
CAPSULE: Fun as thrill ride, but surprisingly poor as film, this
is a story of three modern reluctant explorers who find out that
the center of the Earth is just as Jules Verne described it with
a lot of fast theme-park-like rides. It has even less logic than
Verne gave it. Rent the 1959 version. Rating: 0 (-4 to +4) or
4/10
The 3D effects of JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH 3D are
almost worth the price of admission. That means this film as a
whole is almost worth the price of admission. As an adaptation
of Jules Verne's novel this film is nearly worthless. In
fairness I should say that no Jules Verne novel has ever been
translated well to the screen and probably never will be. That
is just not how Verne writes generally. Possibly the best film
version of a Verne novel is the Disney 20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE
SEA, but that film has a lot of inventing. In the book, after
the main characters are brought aboard the Nautilus they mostly
just see wonders rather than have adventures. Similarly, in
Verne's novel JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH there is not
much action. Aside from occasional separations from the main
party the characters mostly just see occasionally scary wonders.
The 1959 film was one of the highlights of my youth but it made
good cinema only because of heavy revisions to Verne's story by
the writing team of Walter Reisch and Charles Bracket who had
previously written films like NINOTCHKA and TITANIC (1953).
Strictly speaking, the new 3D version of JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF
THE EARTH is not an adaptation at all. It is an adventure that
takes place in our world with characters who are very much aware
of the Verne novel. (A similar approach was taken to the 2002
version of THE TIME MACHINE.) This film is more a vehicle to
show off 3D effects than it is to tell a real story. Life in the
interior of the Earth seems to have aspects of theme park rides,
video games, and both Disney and Warner Brothers cartoons. There
are some nice renderings of engravings from Jules Verne books
into real-looking albeit digital sets.
Trevor Anderson (played by Brendan Fraser) is a scientist who
discovers that he has to play host to his nephew Sean (Josh
Hutcherson) for two weeks. At the same time he discovers that
for some reason he has a limited time to access volcanic chimneys
into the center of the Earth. The reason for the rush is
unexplained by it has something to do with changing numbers on a
computer screen so it must be scientific.
Trevor packs up the nephew and off they head for Iceland. Along
the way they pick up Hannah Ásgeirsson (Anita Briem) the daughter
of a scientist who worked with Max. Max was Trevor's brother,
Sean's father, and a friend of Hannah's late father. The name
Ásgeirsson, incidentally, means "Son of Asgeir" and would never
be given to a woman. The credits list her father as Sigurbjörn
Ásgeirsson so she should have been Hannah Sigurbjörnsdottir.
Briem would have known that, being Icelandic herself, but getting
things accurate was just not where this film was at. The group
came to study the chimneys, but soon they are trapped inside the
Earth a long distance below the surface. Which brings us to the
falls.
Our hearty band frequently falls distances of many miles and
manages to land with no ill effects, like Alice in Wonderland.
Two such falls and they make it to the center of the Earth. That
saves time and story-telling, but it cuts out most of what would
be interesting in the film. Admittedly, how far down the center
of the Earth is a moot point. If the center is just a single
point it could be a long way down. If "center" refers to a very
large region it might not be that far down. (Think of it this
way. The center of an inflated balloon is a pocket of compressed
air that begins a small fraction of an inch below the surface.)
These are most unusual explorers. They can fall hundreds of
miles and land without breaking a bone. Hundreds of miles
beneath the surface of the Earth they never seem greatly
concerned for how they can get to safety. In 105-degree
temperatures they never seem to break a sweat or in the case of
Hannah even smear her lipstick. At one point a character is
jumping from one rock to the next in a line of rocks floating in
air suspended by magnetism. Somehow he manages to do this
without imparting any rotational momentum until he gets to the
very last rock. It just plays better if only the last rock has a
rotational momentum. The travelers brought no food with them and
rarely seem to pass much that is edible, but they always seem to
be well-fed. The film exempts itself from any laws of physics or
logic. Luminous birds that glow like fireflies illuminate the
world beneath the earth. These are birds from 150 million years
in our past, yet they look more like modern bluebirds than like
the archaeopteryx of that period. What is more, the birds seem
to understand English and show very human-like expressions like
some fugitives from Disney's CINDERELLA. One of the birds adopts
the travelers and follows them around like Tinkerbell.
Visually the film has some nice moments, but not all of the
images work. There is a large Tyrannosaurus Rex that looks like
a digital animation and is not believable as a living animal the
way the T-rex in JURASSIC PARK did. Too often the lighting is
too dim to really see the dimensional imagery to its full effect.
There is some blurring. Frequently the left- and right-eye
images do not coalesce. The 3D work, virtually the film's only
virtue, is a step down from that of BEOWULF. For me it would be
very hard for JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH (2008) to match
the enjoyment that the 1959 version brought me. However, this
film does not even come close. The 3D effects are actually quite
nice usually, but see it for the 3D or not at all. I rate the
film a 0 on the -4 to +4 scale or 4/10.
Film Credits: http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0373051/
[-mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: THE YIDDISH POLICEMEN'S UNION by Michael Chabon (copyright
2007, Harper Collins, $26.95, 414pp, ISBN 978-0-00-714982-7) (book
review by Joe Karpierz)
[WARNING: spoilers ahead. -ecl]
So, as I write this, it's 10:30PM Central time on July 9.
Tomorrow morning I board a plane for my first vacation in over
4-1/2 years. The last one happened just before I was let go by
Lucent Technologies. This one will be a little more fun, as my
family and I are going on an Alaskan cruise and land tour. As I
was preparing to write this review, it occurred to me that it was
just a bit strange, coincidental, ironic, or whatever you want to
call it, that the setting of the last Hugo nominated novel that
I'm reviewing is Sitka, Alaska. If I'm not mistaken, Sitka will
be one of our stops on the trip.
THE YIDDISH POLICEMEN'S UNION has already won the Nebula and
Locus awards this year--the question is whether it will hit the
trifecta. I think it has a terrific chance of doing so. It's
certainly a significantly superior novel to BRASYL, and is one of
the most well-crafted books I've read in years. The writing is
absolutely terrific, the story is intriguing, the characters are
interesting; so why am I wondering why this book is nominated for
a science fiction award?
Okay, it's an alternate history, although it's so well-written
that you would swear that the setting and events in the book are
present day and real. It could probably be argued (and I'm
betting that it has been argued) that the concept of the return
of the Messiah and all the things that surround that event,
including a red heifer, is an element of the fantastic; those who
are atheists and scorn religion will certainly argue that.
Chabon himself has called this novel science fiction--I just
don't see it.
After the collapse of the state of Israel in 1948, Jewish
refugees and descendants have lived in the Federal District of
Sitka, a safe haven for Jews. The District is going to be
dissolved in the near future, leaving the population wondering
what will happen to them now. One of those is police detective
Meyer Landsman, who lives in a flophouse hotel after his personal
life has come crashing down around him in the form of his
divorce. He's a drinker, and his career is a disaster. Our
story opens up when Landsman finds out that a murder has been
committed in the fleabag hotel he lives in. Landsman takes up
the case; the victim is a former prodigy chess player. Oh, but
as the novel moves on, we find out that he was much more than
that.
You see, Landsman is told to lay off the case--by his ex-wife no
less, who is now his supervisor, in to keep things running
smoothly until the Reversion, the event which restores the
Alaskan land back to the United States. But Landsman keeps
investigating, and he finds out much more than he bargained for.
It seems there is a plot to restore Israel back to the Jews and
it involves the prophesied coming of the Messiah and a red
heifer. Our dead body is that Messiah, and I'm really hung up on
this heifer.
Here's the thing--I'm completely ignorant of Jewish customs and
religious beliefs. I couldn't tell you how much of this stuff
Chabon is making up and how much is real. I mean no disrespect
to the Jewish community--I just don't know anything about it.
But I really, really, really liked this novel.
And therein lies the rub.
You see, this book was probably better written than any of the
other four nominees, and it certainly told a more interesting
story than at least one of them. I kept wanting to get back to
this book even when I didn't have time to sit down and read. It
was that good. But I'm not convinced it belongs here.
So imagine my dilemma when it came time to submit my Hugo ballot.
I'm not going to tell you how I voted, but I can say that I did
wrestle with it for awhile. Okay, I'll tell you that I voted it
higher than BRASYL.
If you haven't read this book, you should. It may not be for
everyone, and it certainly isn't something that I would have
picked up on my own, but I'm glad I read it.
Okay, now I'd better start packing. Before I go, I'll tell you
that I'm taking a few books on the trip, so there should be a
review or two coming your way after I come back. After that,
it's break time. My periodicals are backing up because of the
Hugo reading.
Until then. [-jak]
===================================================================
TOPIC: Western Films (letter of comment by Dan Kimmel)
In response to Mark's article on Western films in the 07/11/08
issue of the MT VOID, Dan Kimmel writes:
I think the AFI list is pretty good, but I agree with Mark that
such lists are takeoffs for discussion, not decisive rankings. I
would take off CAT BALLOU and BUTCH CASSIDY AND THE SUNDANCE KID.
They're fun films, but not *great* Westerns. The rest are
outstanding examples of the genre and I've used all of them
except THE WILD BUNCH and RED RIVER in my Western movies class.
And that's only because they're too long for my 2-1/2 hour,
once-a-week class.
Here are the films I use as important examples of the genre:
SHANE
MY DARLING CLEMENTINE
THE NAKED SPUR
HIGH NOON
STAGECOACH
THE SEARCHERS
THE SHOOTIST (note, it's a mini-survey of John Wayne's career)
MCCABE AND MRS. MILLER
UNFORGIVEN
LONELY ARE THE BRAVE
I've also used a couple of 1970's Burt Lancaster westerns, LAWMAN
and ULZANA'S RAID, but with a specific pedagogical purpose in
mind, not as a claim they are four star classics. (LAWMAN is the
opposite of HIGH NOON, with an obsessed lawman facing a town who
thinks he's out of control; ULZANA'S RAID is a good example of
1970s revisionism and is a lot shorter than LITTLE BIG MAN.)
I understand where Mark is coming from on THE SEARCHERS. It's a
film like VERTIGO in that I respect it more than I like it. Now
having seen it several times I've warmed up to it a bit,
especially in the context of Wayne's career.
I disagree with him on UNFORGIVEN. It remains a statement
against violence. Eastwood's character has to get drunk (i.e.,
fall off the wagon) for the violent finale, and there's no glory
in it. The memorable moment is just before he shoots Gene
Hackman's marshal, where Hackman says it's not fair he should
die, he's building a house. He's right. It's not fair, and
that's the point. The killing that Eastwood -- and Hackman --
have used to get their way is wrong, This was the film that
turned me around on Eastwood, an actor and director I really
disliked up until this point (except for his films with Sergio
Leone or Don Siegel). In Richard Schickel's biography of
Eastwood, he notes that I wasn't alone in this -- a lot of
critics re-evaluated their views on Eastwood after UNFORGIVEN.
I used to think I didn't like westerns, but then I realized it
was the same reason I thought I didn't like champagne. I had to
try the GOOD stuff. Now I go out of my way to see a western that
is touted as a good one, like the Budd Boetticher films with
Randolph Scott. Saw a few of these last year and they are
minimalist masterpieces. [-dk]
Mark responds:
I did not want to go into the negatives of the chosen, hence
likely popular, Westerns. I am not keen on BUTCH CASSIDY AND THE
SUNDANCE KID with a musical interlude that just is not very good.
CAT BALLOU is entertaining, but not among the best. MCCABE AND
MRS. MILLER I saw only once and it did not do a lot for me. I
actually think the realistic style that MCCABE AND MRS. MILLER
tried to have is really done better in the famous boxoffice
disaster HEAVEN'S GATE. The latter is a fairly decent telling of
what happened in the Johnson County War.
Comments on your other films: MY DARLING CLEMENTINE is over-rated
and an extremely inaccurate representation of a historic even.
It did manage to tell a story of the OK Corral gunfight without
making the flamboyant Doc Holliday interesting. That is not easy
to do. STAGECOACH was not a really good story. It was an
influential western because it used Monument Valley. It had been
used before in two Westerns, notably in the interesting THE
VANISHING AMERICAN. Using the valley as a backdrop became almost
a cliche. It was used really inappropriately as a backdrop for
MY DARLING CLEMENTINE, but the topography is entirely wrong for
Tombstone, Arizona.
Wow! LONELY ARE THE BRAVE was not on my list because by my
personal criteria it is just over the line as being not really a
Western. I just saw it again last week and I had forgotten what
a good film it really is. ACE IN THE HOLE is another near-
Western that, like LONELY ARE THE BRAVE, is a great social
comment film. But ACE IN THE HOLE is just another little bit
further outside the boundary.
ULZANA'S RAID is refreshingly straightforward and untainted by a
political message. Yes, Indians had been treated unjustly and
the whites do not come off very good, but Ulzana shows us just
how formidable a pull-out-all-the-stops Indian warrior could be.
In spite of the basic justice of the Indians' cause, Ulzana was
someone who had to be stopped. Once he was eliminated one could
go back to considering the ultimate justice of the Indians' case.
It is a much more important film in 2008 than it was when it was
made.
In UNFORGIVEN, Gene Hackman played a refined sadist and murderer
who used the law as an excuse to justify killing and torture. I
think most people who see that film would agree that his killing
was fair. This may be the first film that turned you around on
Eastwood, but it is my second. I also liked a lot THE OUTLAW
JOSIE WALES. But like Robert Redford and maybe Ben Affleck, I
think Eastwood is better as a director than as an actor.
I have never noticed Budd Boetticher films specifically, but will
keep an eye out for them. [-mrl]
===================================================================
TOPIC: This Week's Reading (book comments by Evelyn C. Leeper)
I listened to MURDER IS EASY (a.k.a. EASY TO KILL) by Agatha
Christie read by Hugh Fraser (ISBN-13 978-1-572-70490-9, ISBN-10
1-572-70490-X) on a recent trip. Or rather I listened to most of
it, and then finished it in book form after I arrived. However,
this was a bit confusing, as the audio version refers to the old
woman as Lavinia Pinkerton (even with a reference to the name-
sharing with the detective agency), while in the book she is
Lavinia Fullerton. I cannot seem to find any indication of when
the change was made, or why. As for the story, there may be one
level too many of mis-direction for the story to be considered
elegant--or maybe not.
SIMPLEXITY: WHY SIMPLE THINGS BECOME COMPLEX AND HOW COMPLEX
THINGS CAN BE MADE SIMPLE by Jeffrey Kluger (ISBN-13 978-1-4013-
0301-3, ISBN-10 1-4013-0301-3) has such chapters as "Why is it so
hard to leave a burning building or an endangered city?", "How
does a single bullet start a world war?", "Why is a baby the best
linguist in the room?", and "Why are your cell phones and cameras
so absurdly complicated?" But while Kluger generally covers
these topics, he often leaves out key information, while at the
same time adding digressions. For example, in the chapter on
leaving burning buildings, he talks about how difficult to was to
evacuate the World Trade Center towers, not just because of
psychological reasons, but because the four of the stairways were
44 inches wide, and two were 56 inches wide, designed in 1970 for
two people to walk abreast. The problem is that people in 2001
were much wider than those in 1970, and this disrupted the flow.
Interesting and important, certainly, but not a question of
simplicity versus complexity. And in his chapter on "How does a
single bullet start a world war?", he never actually says what he
is referring to. (I assume it is the assassination of the
Archduke Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip that started World War I.)
Even with these flaws, the book is thought-provoking. And
perhaps complexity can best be summed up by this paragraph of
Kluger's:
"The act of buying nearly any electronic product has gone from
the straightforward plug-and-play experience it used to be to
a laborious, joy-killing exercise in unpacking, reading, puzzling
out, configuring out, testing, cursing, reconfiguring, stopping
altogether to call the customer support line, then calling again
an hour or two later, until you finally get whatever it is you've
bought operating in some tentative configuration that more or
less does all the things you want it to do--at least until some
error message causes the whole precarious assembly to crash and
you have to start all over again. You accept, as you always do,
that there are some functions that sounded vaguely interesting
when you were in the store that you'll never learn to use, not to
mention dozens of buttons on the front panel or remote control
that you'll never touch--and you'll feel some vague sense of
technophobic shame over this." [-ecl]
===================================================================
Mark Leeper
mleeper@optonline.net
Think of and look at your work as though it
were done by your enemy. If you look at it
to admire it, you are lost.
-- Samuel Butler